Laser projectors will provoke a "vision" battle

Nowadays, just as LEDs as solid-state light sources are in full swing in the display market, Computer World Labs has turned its attention to another solid-state light source, the laser source, which has a wider application prospect. We believe that the success of LED light sources has extraordinary significance. One of the important significance is the confirmation of the inevitable development trend of solid-state light sources as display light sources. In September 2009, we tested the relevant indicators of laser projectors independently researched and developed by the National Laser in the “Vision” world. The test results are exciting. Everything makes us believe that the solid-state light source is high, medium and low. The historical wheel that displays the light source in an all-round way to eliminate the traditional gaseous light source has begun to turn, and in 2009, the first powerful scar was rolled out. This year is destined to go down in history.

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Solid state light source

As early as the birth of the laser, people began to try to introduce laser into the display field. However, due to the technology at the time, the laser light source is small and the volume is too large, the cost is extremely high, and the effect is not satisfactory. In a very small range, the laser is used as a scanning device for 3D projection or wall surface. Projection, rather than general display devices, is designed without regard to the durability and reliability of the device.

Both domestic and foreign companies are studying solid-state light sources entering the display industry. LED is more convenient, it is convenient to use on LCD TVs and monitors by simply replacing traditional cathode ray tubes, and because the liquid crystal field is relatively mature, there is already enough market space, and most foreign resources are invested in this. In the field.

As for the laser, there are few results. And the characteristics of the laser determine its use is completely different from the LED. The laser is a point source, and the LED is a typical surface source, which differs in terms of suitable display devices. If the LED is used as the backlight of the liquid crystal, if it is used as the light source of the projector, this is somewhat difficult, the loss of the optical path conduction will become very large, and it is not easy to achieve high brightness. The point source characteristics of the laser determine that the laser is more suitable for projection. For example, by working with a reflective imaging device to make a projector, that is the best application mode.

However, the laser itself has certain requirements, which are demanding for power and heat dissipation. The power supply requires a special manufacturing process. Although the size of the single laser module is quite small, the size of the laser projection device is still not small in terms of the overall display system, but this is rapidly changing. For example, in applications below 500 lm, where the air cooling can meet the cooling needs, the advantages of the laser module will be reflected.

Manufacturers with similar high-power lasers abroad have preliminary experience in product design. They think that more than 30W will require water cooling. This restricts such projectors from entering the ordinary family. Currently, laser projectors are mainly aimed at high-end display fields. Domestically, the company is represented by Zhongshi Zhongke. Their scheme adopts the way of separating the light source and the main unit. The light source is introduced into the machine through the optical fiber, which can easily transform the traditional light source machine into a laser projector, which simplifies the steps of the projector improvement. It also adds space to the projector, which is more suitable for certain situations. For example, high humidity and frequent vibration environments, or applications requiring low heat and low working noise, the light source is arranged in another safe place, which is conducive to the reliability of the entire projection system and improve the working condition.

Although the laser source as a future trend is still in its infancy for the entire history of light source, the starting point is obviously high. Laser as a light source has long been a human dream. At present, the luminous efficiency of LEDs has reached a level of 100 lm / w, and the laser can achieve an efficiency of more than 600 lm / w, is the ultimate in artificial light sources. The UHP mercury lamp of the traditional projector has a luminous efficiency of only 60 lm/w, and the high-quality xenon lamp is not efficient. The large amount of heat emitted not only limits the life of the bulb, but also the life of the imaging device.

The traditional light source makes the heat sink considered by the whole projector contain at least two parts: on the one hand, the heat generated by the machine operation; on the other hand, the light source brings huge heat. This greatly increases the complexity of the machine design, and the dual-light backup required by engineering-grade projectors also complicates the design of the light path.

Not to mention these problems, it is the maintenance of the need to replace the light bulb, it is not so simple, not to mention the dual-light backup also greatly increases the design difficulty of the projector light path, increasing the loss. In general, ultra-high brightness projectors require short arc xenon lamps with power in KW. Careful consideration should be given to thermal insulation and infrared and ultraviolet light problems, which are also not considered for solid state light sources. Therefore, the solid-state light source has many advantages over the traditional light source, making it suitable for the projection field.

Traditional projectors include thermal insulation design and UV mirrors because of the optical path and design. If they are directly applied to the laser module, the utilization of light is greatly reduced, and the loss is not small. For example, if a layer of barrier measures is used, it may bring 5% loss; and the heat insulation design is not a problem after laser diffusion, there is no infrared light at all; UV does not exist. Optimizing the internal structure of the projector for these characteristics of the laser source will effectively simplify the internal construction of the projector and reduce costs.

Laser open digital light source first

Why do we use lasers to replace traditional light sources? This is a problem that lingers in my mind, and it is also a question for many people. Or is it true that laser projectors can appeal to us visually? Is it worth the cost?

I think it is worth it. Just like eating, Shanzhen seafood and radish cabbage have their own love. In addition to the lack of infrared and ultraviolet light, the laser itself is extremely directional, and the red, green and blue primary colors are purer, so it is possible to produce a color performance that is very similar in color to the reality.

If this is not attractive enough, then look at another feature, laser projector products can bring a good color layering, natural high contrast greatly enhances the detailed expression of large scenes, making the color more vivid. Also because of its directivity, the subjective feeling of the projected picture is softer than the traditional projector, not so dazzling. Therefore, its brightness latitude is also higher, achieving high brightness and high contrast, as well as color saturation and layering, which is not possible with current mercury and xenon projectors.

Since the laser projection system is superimposed on the objective lens by the three primary colors of red, green and blue, the display effect can be changed by controlling the different ratios of the three primary colors, which is impossible for the conventional light source. Today's laser light source products are combined by multiple modules to achieve high-power output. The characteristics of the laser can ensure the consistency of the laser, and the display consistency can be easily realized when splicing multiple laser projectors. . For this reason, compared with the traditional light source, the laser light source embodies a fully adjustable digital feature, and the light source can be modulated according to the requirements, so that the seamless splicing of multiple screens can be easily realized, and the splicing unit pictures are maintained for a long time. Consistency in brightness and color.

Currently, in a developing system constituted by a projector, a portion of an image signal has been digitized, and an imaging device has been digitized. Under the digital conditions, the non-digital source has become incompatible with the digital environment, and the digitalization of the light source is also an inevitable process. Through the digitization of the light source, the image quality and feeling will be more realistic at the imaging terminal.

At the test site we also saw that even if the bulb was simply replaced with a laser source, the performance of the projection device has been greatly improved. In terms of color saturation, brightness, and level, the bulb simply cannot match it. Especially in the color purity and brightness, plus the contrast requirements, the bulb can basically meet only a part of the specific needs, and when we face the laser projection, I almost forgot that this is the projection, the flowers are not like the sun Flowers? Under the traditional xenon lamp and mercury lamp, the color can't be so vivid.

Conventional projectors can improve the contrast and brightness of the bulb projector through processing on the circuit, but cannot solve the problem of color gradation. Especially the blue color is regarded as the dead hole of the digital imaging equipment. Generally speaking, it is very rigid and has no level. In our general projection equipment, we can't see the color comparable to the blue sky. The laser can approach this kind of Feel it. So it is possible to show a huge contrast in color, not just the huge contrast of black and white, which may be the root cause of the laser.

Experienced readers will also notice that a combination of too high contrast and brightness will result in an uncomfortable visual experience, which is a common phenomenon in traditional light sources. The light of the traditional light source has no directivity. In order to achieve the required contrast, the light is wasted more, resulting in a high brightness, which will irritate the eyes and greatly reduce the viewing comfort. Unlike lasers, light that is transmitted through an optical fiber is diffused and projected onto an imaging device. There is still a directional direction. The utilization of these lights is greatly improved, so that high brightness is not required when the contrast is high, so that the eyes can be secured. The level of comfort.

In addition, the purity of the RGB three colors of the laser is quite high, and the laser characteristics determine that the spectrum does not drift, thereby ensuring the consistency of the entire display. In fact, because of the characteristics of the laser source, the coating requirements for the lens are reduced, and the heat transmitted through the lens has been greatly reduced, which can greatly reduce the difficulty of the lens design, and the low temperature rise can also ensure the lens in use. The effect on the picture is minimized. These advantages make the laser projector's picture consistent, and the consistency of the projected picture can exceed 90%.

All of this creates the best projection quality. I describe the laser as a flowing water, so clear and translucent, which is the best in current display devices. However, because the current acquisition equipment and output equipment are designed and adjusted according to the spectral characteristics of the traditional light source, in some respects, the laser replacement will be supersaturated. This is the case with red. The traditional acquisition device can perform a good red, but the red attenuation is more powerful when the output is emitted. The spectrum of the bulb is more lost in the red end, so the signal will be enhanced. The red color of the RGB laser is supposed to surpass the general light bulb, and the processing of the circuit is somewhat oversaturated. Red and blue are actually the killers of lasers. Their vividness will affect the expressive power of output devices. The main contribution of green light is to provide sufficient illumination.

5W green laser

1W blue laser

1.6W red laser

Color gamut war

Subjectively, we have seen the power of laser projectors. This time, Zhongshi Zhongke prepared a Barco film projector, replaced the laser light source, and connected the module to the projector through fiber optics. Compared to traditional light bulbs, the laser module size (mainly the heat sink module) is still somewhat large, but it is unbeatable in terms of efficiency. Barco's film projector uses a xenon lamp with a lamp power of 4 kW and a nominal life of 1000 hours. The replacement cost is close to 30,000 yuan, and the lens projection luminous flux is about 15,000 lm. The laser module of Zhongshi Zhongke only needs about 100 watts, and it can achieve a projection brightness of about 12,000 lm, and its lifetime is more than 20,000 hours. Compared with the two, the high-level layer is self-evident.

In the past three years, Zhongshi Zhongke has reduced the cost per watt of laser modules by 10 times. With the improvement of technology and the development of market applications, there is still a lot of room for decline. A projector that projects 2000lm requires only about 20W of laser light, and the cost is acceptable. If the projector is specifically designed for laser sources, the laser power can be appropriately reduced. Of course, this way of separating the light sources greatly improves the flexibility of the projector. For example, it is very simple to make a projector with different brightness, and it is not limited by the early design of the device, and can even be improved in the later stage. problem.

Another advantage of the laser projector is that it can maintain the stability of the projection for a long time. The life of the laser module is 20,000 hours, which is a true long-life and low-attenuation light source. Mercury lamps and xenon lamps like gas are not perfect because of their impurities, and they are not as stable as lasers.

Some people worry that laser power is not dangerous. I accidentally looked inside through the lens of the projector. Without any adaptation, the laser has been diffused, and the intensity of the light has dropped significantly compared to the laser beam. But on the retina, we can feel the diffraction, which is not the traditional light source. Looking directly at the laser projector beam gives me a much warmer feel and surprises me. At the same time, I noticed that the temperature in front of the projector lens is already very low. Through the optical fiber, the heat of the laser is isolated early, and after the diffusion, the power density of the light is greatly reduced, the temperature is naturally lowered, and there is no problem in direct vision.

From the test results we can see that the color gamut of the laser has greatly surpassed the traditional display equipment, which is the root cause of the laser projection can be so clear and moving. The technicians who cooperated with us tested said that the color gamut of the pure laser test is actually larger, but after the Barco projector, some balance may be made on the signal, even if the test result does not have 200% NTSC coverage, it is quite Amazing, measured more than 170%.

In terms of contrast, the modified Barco projector has a contrast ratio of about 2500:1. It is because of the high contrast of the original, the machine tested is monochrome, because the color is pure, the saturation is high and the level is good. The colors are vivid and dynamic. In the big scene, because the contrast is high, plus the purity of the monochrome, the color of the big scene feels good, and it is not too tired for a long time.

The laser also plays the main character

The arrival of laser display devices has raised the threshold of display devices. In the face of lasers, any other display device can only be favored. In terms of color, longevity, reliability, etc., it has an unparalleled advantage, and digital control is implemented at the light source side, which is similar to LED.

The front end of the solid-state laser is similar to the LED, but the wavelength of the output light is controlled by the amplification process and the frequency modulation of the acousto-optic crystal. LEDs use the substrate to directly illuminate, the product is not so complicated, and the control is simple, and the peripheral circuit is much simpler. Now LED backlight display has gradually entered the market, LED backlight TV and LED light source projectors are already available. The laser display products are still relatively expensive, and the target customers are still limited to the industry.

There are several products in the same period of foreign countries and Zhongshi Zhongke, and the products are still limited to the laboratory stage. The closest thing to Zhongshi Zhongke is Colorvision's laser system, but the power is unmatched. They only do about 45W, and the modules of Zhongshi Zhongke can be combined into more than 100W. Moreover, China's abundant rare earth resources give China a unique advantage in the laser field.

The problem now is that the industrial environment has not started, and the upstream chip production is relatively low, and the scale production capacity has not been reached, so the comprehensive cost is relatively high. When the construction of the upstream and downstream industry chain is completed, the future of the laser will be quite bright, and as the cost continues to decrease, the popularity of laser display will really come. With ordinary brightness calculation, 2000lm products can be used at a lower cost than current projectors, and there is no need to worry about replacing the bulbs during use. Most importantly, this projection product can maintain this consistency all the time. Sex to the end of life, this is no light source other than laser can do.

What the laser itself can do is not limited to display. In landscape lighting as well as in specific medical fields, even beauty, you can see lasers show their talents. The continuous laser entering the projection field proves the maturity of this product, and the Zhongshi Zhongke standing at the forefront is obviously higher in the global position than other domestic companies with similar innovative technologies. At this moment of launching this product, Standing at the front end of the world, enough to be proud of the rivers and lakes.

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