**Foreword**
The Alibaba Cloud Virtualization Team and the Heterogeneous Computing and High-Performance Computing (HPC) team have been focused on the "popularization" of computing resources. The term "civilianization" was first introduced by He Wanqing from the HPC team, who was pioneering this initiative.
E-HPC aims to provide all cloud users with instant access to a small supercomputing cluster, making high-performance computing accessible to everyone—not just limited to supercomputing centers or universities. Our heterogeneous computing team is dedicated to delivering the latest and fastest computing devices to users on the cloud. Previously, we launched the GPU cloud server EGS. About six months ago, we officially launched the FPGA cloud server FaaS. After internal testing and a public beta period, it's now fully available. Users simply need to apply for a whitelist to use FPGA resources as easily as they would with an ECS virtual machine.
**FaaS Introduction**
FaaS stands for FPGA as a Service, a way to utilize FPGAs in the cloud. Currently, we support two different examples:
| Example Model | FPGA Model |
|---------------|------------|
| F1 | Intel A10 |
| F2 | Xilinx ku115 |
**From Entry to Deployment: F2**
**New Sub-Account (Optional)**
It’s recommended that users create a new sub-account to manage Alibaba Cloud resources securely. By authorizing necessary permissions for the sub-account, you can ensure better security.
1. Log in to the Alibaba Cloud RAM Console.
2. Select [User Management] > [New User] on the left sidebar.
3. Fill out the form with the user name, display name, email address, and phone number. **Select "Automatically Generate AccessKey"** for this user and click OK.
4. Save the user's AK/AS in the pop-up window. You'll need this information for future operations.
5. Once the RAM sub-account is created, you must authorize it.
6. In the RAM console, go to the [User Management] tab and click the [Authorize] button for the newly created sub-account.
7. Grant at least the following permissions: AliyunOSSFullAccess, AliyunECSFullAccess, AliyunRAMFullAccess, and AliyunSTSAssumeRoleAccess. Click OK after selection.
**Open OSS and Create a Dedicated Bucket**
FaaS-related operations depend on Alibaba Cloud OSS storage. Therefore, users must activate the OSS service. It is also recommended to create a new private bucket to store your own FPGA image and intermediate results.
**Open OSS (if not already opened)**
1. Log in to the OSS sales page and click to activate immediately.
**Create a New Bucket in East China 1**
It is advised to create a new bucket exclusively for FaaS. This bucket should have read/write permissions for the official Alibaba Cloud account. Avoid storing unrelated content here. **Remember the bucket name**, as it will be used frequently during operations.
1. Log in to the OSS Management Console.
2. Click the "+" sign at the top left to create a new bucket.
3. In the dialog box, give the bucket a name, select the region as **East China 1**, and click OK.
4. You will see the newly created bucket on the left side.
**Purchasing F2 Instance**
If your budget is tight, consider using ECS instances for debugging and compiling. It's more cost-effective. Use an ECS instance with more than 4 cores. Once development is complete, you can then deploy the F2 instance.
1. The current F2 instance still requires a whitelist. Please submit a work order (or contact Alibaba Cloud BD) to provide your Alibaba Cloud account.
2. After the whitelist is activated, purchase the F2 instance directly on the Alibaba Cloud official website. Choose **East China 1**, **Availability Zone B**, and **VPC network**. F2 currently supports **pay-per-use** and **annual subscription** options. Select **Heterogeneous Computing** and **FPGA Computing Type**.
3. We have prepared a Xilinx development environment image. Users can directly use the image to create an instance. The image is available in the mirror market for free, but only through shared images. When selecting the image, choose **Shared Image**. If you can't find the image, please submit a work order (or contact Alibaba Cloud BD).
**F2 Instance OpenCL Development Best Practices**
Here, we use a common computational example to compile and simulate, taking the F2 instance as the final run. Of course, compilation and simulation can also be done on the F2 instance, which makes the process easier.
For volume users, it is recommended to use a cheaper common ECS instance (preferably a 4-core or higher) for compilation and simulation. At this stage, you don’t need to use the FPGA. Buying a normal ECS instance is similar to purchasing an F2 instance, but when choosing the instance specification, select a different model while still using our shared image.
1. First, configure the SDx environment: `source /opt/Xilinx/SDx/2017.2/settings64.sh`
2. Run SDx with demo: `cd /opt/Xilinx/SDx/2017.2/examples/vadd`
3. Check whether the platform (line 60) in `sdaccel.mk` is set to `XDEVICE=xilinx_kcu1500_4ddr-xpr_4_0`.
4. Modify the `common.mk` file: `vim ../common/common.mk`
5. Change line 61: `CLCC_OPT += $(CLCC_OPT_LEVEL) ${DEVICE_REPO_OPT} --platform ${XDEVICE} -o ${XCLBIN} ${KERNEL_DEFS} ${KERNEL_INCS}`
To: `CLCC_OPT += $(CLCC_OPT_LEVEL) ${DEVICE_REPO_OPT} --platform ${XDEVICE} -o ${XCLBIN} ${KERNEL_DEFS} ${KERNEL_INCS} --xp param:compiler.acceleratorBinaryContent=dcp`
**Software Simulation**
Run: `make -f sdaccel.mk run_cpu_em`
Check if the result is `PASSED`.
**Hardware Emulation**
Run: `make -f sdaccel.mk cleanall`
Then: `make -f sdaccel.mk run_hw_em`
Check if the result is `PASSED`.
**Compile**
Run: `make -f sdaccel.mk cleanall`
Then: `make -f sdaccel.mk xbin_hw`
(Compilation may take several hours. It's recommended to prevent SSH timeout using `screen` or `nohup`.)
**Configure Secure Burning Environment**
Run: `source /root/xbinst_oem/F2_env_setup.sh`
Then: `faascmd config --id=... --key=...`
And: `faascmd auth --bucket=...` (Use the new OSS bucket name)
**After Successful Compilation**
If there is no `sdaccel_package.sh` in `/root/xbinst_oem/`, download it first:
`wget http://fpga-tools.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/sdaccel_package.sh`
Then: `sh sdaccel_package.sh -xclbin=/opt/Xilinx/SDx/2017.2/examples/vadd/bin_vadd_cpu_emu.xclbin`
**Upload the Compressed Package to Your OSS Bucket**
Run: `faascmd upload_object --object=
--file=`
**Create a New FPGA Image**
Run: `faascmd create_image --object= --fpgatype=xilinx --name=hereIsFPGAImageName --tags=hereIsFPGAImageTag --encrypted=false --shell=V1.0`
**Download the FPGA Image**
1. Configure the secure programming environment (if not already set): `source /root/xbinst_oem/F2_env_setup.sh`
2. `faascmd config --id=... --key=...`
3. `faascmd auth --bucket=...`
4. Get the FPGA UUID: `faascmd list_instances --instanceId=...`
5. Download the FPGA image: `faascmd download_image --instanceId=... --fpgauuid=... --fpgatype=xilinx --imageuuid=... --imagetype=afu --shell=V1.0`
6. Check the download status: `faascmd fpga_status --fpgauuid=... --instanceId=...`
7. Run the host program: `make -f sdaccel.mk host`
Then: `unset XILINX_SDX && ./vadd bin_vadd_hw.xclbin`9 M Light Tower
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