Is Artez a rotor engine? Which cars are rotor engines?
Currently, most automotive engines use reciprocating engines. A reciprocating engine, also known as a piston engine, is a type of internal combustion engine that uses one or more pistons to convert pressure into rotational kinetic energy. It works by converting the mechanical energy from the piston's linear motion into usable power, typically through the heat generated by fuel combustion. This process involves expanding gases or liquid (such as water) to push the piston, effectively transforming thermal energy into mechanical energy.
The Mazda Artz engine is not a rotary engine. It is an in-cylinder direct injection engine developed by Chuangchi Blue Sky. Mazda itself only uses a rotary engine in the RX-8 model. The rotor engine, also known as the Wankel engine, is a unique design that differs from traditional piston engines. It is mainly used in specific models like the RX-7 and RX-8, which were both discontinued. However, at the Tokyo Motor Show in October 2015, Mazda introduced a concept car featuring a rotor engine, showing their continued interest in this technology.
Mazda has always been committed to the development of the rotor engine despite skepticism from others. Their persistence led to the creation of the RX-7, which helped elevate Mazda’s reputation in the automotive world. Even today, the company continues to explore new ways to improve and apply this innovative engine technology.
A rotary engine, also called a Wankel engine, is a type of internal combustion engine that uses a triangular rotor instead of traditional pistons. Unlike conventional engines where the piston moves up and down, the rotor rotates within a housing, creating a continuous cycle of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. Each rotation of the rotor completes one full cycle, making it more compact and efficient than traditional piston engines.
The Wankel engine was invented by Felix Wankel and offers several advantages, including a simpler structure, smaller size, and higher power output for its displacement. For example, the Mazda RX-7’s twin-rotor engine, with a displacement of around 1.3 liters, can produce over 255 horsepower. This makes it a popular choice for high-performance vehicles.
However, the rotor engine faced challenges due to sealing issues, leading to higher fuel consumption and reliability concerns. Many manufacturers abandoned the technology, but Mazda acquired the rights and made significant improvements. The RX-7 and RX-8 models showcased the potential of the Wankel engine, and even the Le Mans 787B, a race car powered by a rotor engine, achieved great success.
Before Mazda, other automakers like Mercedes-Benz also experimented with rotor engines. The C111 series, particularly the C111-2 and C111-3, demonstrated impressive performance, with the latter reaching speeds of up to 461 km/h. Despite these achievements, the rotor engine never became mainstream due to technical and practical limitations.
Today, the rotor engine is almost exclusive to Mazda, with the RX-8 being one of the last production models to use it. While other manufacturers have moved on, Mazda continues to innovate and explore the future of this unique engine type. Whether it will make a comeback remains to be seen, but its legacy in automotive history is undeniable.
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