RFID, short for Radio Frequency Identification, is an automatic identification technology that has gained significant attention since the 1990s. It uses radio frequency signals to transmit data wirelessly through spatial coupling—either via an alternating magnetic field or an electromagnetic field. This enables contactless communication between a tag and a reader, making it ideal for tracking and identifying objects without direct physical interaction.
In China, RFID technology is still in its early developmental stages, with challenges such as limited technical capabilities and incomplete standardization. However, the potential for growth is immense, and many experts believe that RFID could revolutionize the country's automatic identification industry, surpassing traditional barcode systems in efficiency and functionality.
The core components of an RFID system include an electronic tag (or chip) and a reader. The tag stores information in a specific format, often serving as a digital identifier for the object it is attached to. When the reader sends a signal, the tag responds by transmitting its stored data back, allowing for seamless data exchange. This process relies on the modulation and demodulation of radio frequency signals, ensuring secure and efficient communication.
Today, RFID technology is widely applied in various fields, including vehicle tracking, automated production lines, livestock management, access control, and more. Its ability to streamline operations and improve accuracy makes it a valuable tool across industries.
As the adoption of wireless technologies continues to grow, so does the need for careful implementation to avoid issues like frequency interference. Balancing innovation with compatibility with existing radio services remains a key challenge for the future of RFID.
Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the RFID system
Table 1: Application of RFID technology
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