Stepper motor driver segmentation and no subdivision difference - Database & Sql Blog Articles
Subdivision and non-subdivision driving in stepper motor systems differ significantly in performance and application. Subdivision drives offer higher precision by dividing each pulse from the control system into smaller steps based on a set subdivision coefficient. For example, a standard stepper motor with 200 pulses per revolution would require 6,400 pulses if driven at a 32x subdivision level. This allows for smoother motion and more accurate positioning. Common subdivision levels include 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and even 512. In many foreign markets, two-phase hybrid stepper motors paired with subdivision drivers are widely used. However, in China, many users are still not fully aware of the benefits of subdivision. Some may think it’s just about improving accuracy, but the main advantage lies in enhancing the motor's running performance. Subdivision works by precisely controlling the phase current of the motor. Let’s take a two-phase motor as an example. If the rated current is 3A, a conventional driver (like constant current chopping) will abruptly switch the current between 0 and 3A. This sudden change causes vibration and noise. With a subdivision driver, the current changes gradually in a sinusoidal pattern, reducing both vibration and noise. For instance, at a 10x subdivision, the current change per step is only 0.3A, leading to much smoother operation. Because subdivision requires precise current control, the driver must have advanced technology and manufacturing standards, which increases the cost. It’s also important to note that some Chinese drivers use "smoothing" instead of true subdivision. Smoothing only reduces the rate of current change without creating actual microsteps, and it can lead to reduced torque. In contrast, subdivision maintains or even improves torque while offering better performance. To sum up, true subdivision is not just about finer steps—it’s about achieving smoother, quieter, and more reliable motor operation. Users should be cautious when choosing a driver and ensure they are getting genuine subdivision technology rather than just smoothed current control.
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